For a vehicle-accessible landscape area, the pavement should be designed according to the expected vehicle class, traffic frequency, soil conditions, drainage and climate.

For European and North American projects, the structural design may involve applicable pavement and geotechnical standards rather than treating artificial turf standards as vehicle-load standards.

Depending on the country and project, engineers may consider standards and guidance such as:

• EN 13285 for unbound mixtures used in civil engineering and road construction
• EN 1997 (Eurocode 7) for geotechnical design
• Applicable national pavement-design standards
• ASTM test methods for soil, aggregate and geotechnical properties in the United States
• Local municipal requirements for permeable or landscaped parking areas
• Project-specific structural pavement calculations

For a professional project, these engineering standards should be used together with the manufacturer’s artificial turf specifications.

GB/T 20394 or similar artificial-turf product standards should not be treated as substitutes for pavement structural design.

What Is the Role of a Grass Grid or Cellular Reinforcement System?

A grass grid, cellular confinement system or similar load-distribution product can help distribute wheel loads across a larger area and reduce localized deformation.

Its effectiveness depends on:

• Grid material and geometry
• Installation quality
• Aggregate properties
• Subgrade strength
• Compaction
• Drainage
• Vehicle loading
• Traffic frequency

The grid should therefore be considered part of the engineered pavement system, not a simple accessory placed beneath artificial grass.